Toxic Parenting: What are the Signs of a Toxic Parent?

Being a parent can be very hard, but that's not an excuse to practice toxic parenting. Toxic parenting is detrimental to the child as it can tear them down and cause pain. 

Living with toxic parents is a daily struggle for kids because they can do little to improve their situation. This type of relationship creates a lot of negative effects on children's emotional and physical health.

There are different types of parents and parenting styles, and most want the best for their kids. But some go over the boundaries and become toxic parents. Worse, they don't even know they're being toxic, maybe because their parents brought them up the same way. The number one way we learn to parent is from our parents and we often repeat what we learned from them. 

If your parents were toxic, high are the chances that you'll be the same when it's your turn to have kids. It is usually how toxic relationships between parents and children start but it doesn't have to stay that way.  When we know better, we can do better.

What is Toxic Parenting?

Toxic parenting happens when parents behave in a manner that causes fear, guilt, or obligation in their kids. They do this consistently, thereby negatively affecting their child's life. 

When we parent with fear and guilt, it is a definite way to ruin a child's mental health. Generally speaking, toxic parents are more concerned with themselves than building close relationships with their kids. They also may be stuck and not know another way.

They spend a lot of time on themselves and don't know that it hurts and damages their children. These parents neglect and may be verbally abusive to their kids, and they aren't aware of the impact of their actions on their kids. They often think, “I turned out okay, and so will my kids.”

Signs of Toxic Parenting

No one child would want to be around a toxic parent, as a toxic parent-child relationship is never a good thing. It can create emotional scars that children will carry their entire life. Every child deserves a good parent, but sadly, that's not always the case. Here are the unmistakable signs of toxic parenting.  

#1 Self-centered 

The most common sign of toxic parenting is the tendency to exhibit self-centered behaviors. Toxic parents prioritize their own needs over the needs of their children. 

They are generally narcissistic, emotionally unavailable, and uncaring as far as their kids are concerned. These inadequate parents are so self-absorbed that they don't empathize with other people, including their children. These same behaviors are seen in other relationships too.

#2 Physically, verbally, and emotionally abusive

An abusive parent will give extreme punishments to their children. A good example is spanking. When their child does something wrong, they'll get hit, which teaches nothing. Often, the punishment they give is out of proportion to the little thing that the child did and is very reactive.

Verbal abuse is common with a toxic parent. It means they will yell, scream, and name-call their child for something they've done. Some parents also go the emotional abuse route, giving their children silent treatment for days as punishment for their bad behavior.

While it's unthinkable for these children to suffer abuse at the hands of their parents, it sadly happens to many children. These parents think they're giving tough love, but they're actually quite emotionally abusive.

#3 Constantly blames the child 

Toxic parents always blame their children for everything wrong, including their marital problems or failed relationships. They overreact to small things that don't make sense. Children of toxic parents are expected to behave “perfectly” and that means a child has to be hypervigilant in order to avoid their parent's anger.

Furthermore, they would deny it's their fault and never take responsibility for their wrongdoings. Instead, such parents would blame anyone else for the hostility, turmoil, or tension at home. Sadly, that means often the child has to take the blame and that creates deep feelings of insecurity and inadequacy. 

#4 Manipulative 

An occasional guilt trip is common among parents, but toxic parents go way beyond that. They tend to go to extremes to get whatever they want from their children. Such parents will use shame and guilt to play with their child's own emotions. 

They may even use time and money to manipulate their child. Some would play the victim or deliberately lie to sway their children's feelings and get things done their way. This incident is just one of the many examples of toxic parenting that children would pass off, thinking their parents only want the best for them.

#5 Extremely controlling

Toxic parents control their own children in many ways. They may invade their privacy or never allow them to make decisions. Some would be overly critical of their child's actions. These types of toxic parents thrive with control. 

They follow the authoritarian parenting style and inculcate fear in their children to ensure they follow their rules. Such parents do this to control their children and live through them. They make decisions for their children out of their frustrations during childhood. 

#6 Doesn't respect boundaries

Toxic parents push things their way. They don't recognize personal boundaries as far as their kids are concerned probably because they never had them when they were a child either. 

As a result, the child will have a hard time working out things on their own because their parents are always around, refusing to give them freedom. This instance is more applicable to older children, particularly high school kids, exploring the world outside their parents' bubbles for the first time.

#7 Emotionally unstable 

Most toxic parents have bad tempers, making them emotionally unstable and unpredictable. They can be very hostile and become aggressive with minimal provocation. As a result, kids with such parents feel that they're always walking on eggshells and can't make any mistakes.

Furthermore, these parents also get offended easily. They can't control their emotions if challenged, leading to reactive behaviors and emotional outbursts. This type of behavior can get children's feelings in turmoil because they will always try to please their parents, believing that will change their situation.

#8 Stubborn

Toxic parents will push their values and opinions on their kids, whatever they may be. They think their ideas are supreme and the child's point of view is always wrong. It is their way or the highway and that means little room for a child to have their own thoughts.

Toxic parents expect their children to have values and opinions like theirs. They act as if what they say is the only important thing and their children should be soldiers.

Adverse Effects of Toxic Parenting on a Child

Toxic parenting behaviors will have a long-term effect on your child's mental health. It will negatively affect their self-worth and how they perceive other people. Aside from having low self-esteem, they will also have trust issues. Not just in others but they will have a hard time trusting themselves too.

In addition, these kids will have a different view of the world and personality traits different from other children. Some children can be angry and others can be extremely compliant to the point that they aren't thinking and are just following. That can result in them being prone to being in other abusive situations.

As expected, toxic parenting will immensely impact a child's development. For starters, these children will feel trapped in their own homes because they can't do anything about the ongoing abuse against them. In addition, toxic parenting may lead to various mental health conditions including anxiety and depression, or they may display behaviors that reflect dysregulation. 

The research is clear that how we parent affects the child's mental health. One study looked into the relationship between dysfunctional parenting and depression. The study proposed that a child of toxic parents has unmet primary developmental needs. In addition, such kids form maladaptive views of themselves and others, making them vulnerable to developing mental or behavioral disorders in the future (Lewin et al., 2015). 

Another study delved into the development of post-traumatic stress syndrome or PTSD in children living in a violent home. Children exposed to physical abuse and domestic violence undergo traumatic stress, which can lead to PTSD. Furthermore, their ongoing exposure to the violence of dysfunctional families will complicate their PTSD diagnosis even more (Margolin & Vickerman, 2007). 

Ways to Correct Toxic Parenting 

With all the bad things related to toxic parenting, there's something that you can do to correct it. The good news is most learned behaviors may be modified and unlearned. While this isn't an easy feat, it's doable. 

First, recognize what has led you to such a state. Once you accept and understand what influenced your toxic behavior, you'll be able to change it.

Initiate the process of healing. Most toxic parents unknowingly become one because it's also how their parents raised them. It's the only parenting style they know, and they think it's the right one. Make that final decision to change your point of view and free yourself of negative emotions.

Look back to your childhood and find out where things have gone wrong. Then make that change in the present. List all of the things you want to change, along with some concrete steps on how to do so. Then, take it one small step at a time and constantly practice the proper behavior and adopt the positive changes you want to see. 

Children of toxic parents should stop feeling guilty and start setting firm boundaries. As an adult, you no longer need to do what your parents say. Create a safe distance not just from them but also from all toxic people in your life. Ask them to treat you with respect. Set boundaries and always consider the state of your emotional health.

Self-care is also going to help a lot. Toxic parents rarely meet their child's emotional needs. So, now is the time you serve yourself first. Do the things that you love and make you happy. 

Release stress in a healthy way so you can get back on track. It's always a good idea to stay clear of toxic individuals, set healthy boundaries, and maintain a good relationship with people who serve as your support system.

With parenting, you will have to start from scratch but that is okay. Start with small changes and recognize it will take a lot of effort. You will have to work to build trust and repair relationships. Look at it as an opportunity to change the course of your child's life and all future generations. 

Soliciting help from mental health professionals will also help a lot. For example, a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist can address mental health issues and support those suffering from childhood trauma. With their help, healthy relationships may start and that means a healthy parenting relationship too. Talking to a close friend or being a part of a support group will also make a huge difference because you know you aren't alone.

Citations

Lewin, M. R., Garcia, L. M., Limon, A. M., & Ojeda, A. (2015). Dysfunctional Parenting and Depression: The Mediational Role of Schemas. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 6(1), 2–12. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.035513

Margolin, G., & Vickerman, K. A. (2007). Posttraumatic stress in children and adolescents exposed to family violence: I. Overview and issues. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(6), 613–619. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.38.6.613