Estimated reading time: 7 minutes
I think about Graham, a teenager who struggled with OCD for over 10 years.
Before coming to our BrainBehaviorReset™ Program, he’d already seen nine therapists and tried three different psychiatric medications, with very little progress.
But within just a few weeks of using a combination of science-backed, natural therapies—including neurofeedback—he made more progress than he had in a decade.
OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) can be incredibly hard to manage alone. Many families try different approaches but don’t find lasting relief without expert support.
What makes it even trickier is that OCD often shows up alongside other challenges, especially anxiety, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and mood conditions.
That’s why understanding how OCD and autism show up in your child is so important—it gives you a head start in helping your child thrive at home, in school, and beyond.
What Are the Signs of OCD and Autism in Children?
OCD is characterized by unwanted, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) performed to alleviate anxiety.
Autism involves challenges with social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors.
Common signs of OCD:
- Excessive handwashing or cleaning
- Repeated checking (e.g., locks, appliances)
- Counting or arranging items in a specific way
- Intrusive thoughts causing distress
Common signs of Autism:
- Difficulty with social interactions
- Delayed speech or language skills
- Intense focus on specific interests
- Sensitivity to sensory input (e.g., sounds, textures)
How Can I Differentiate Between OCD and Autism Behaviors?
Many parents wonder: “My child repeats behaviors — how do I know if it’s OCD or autism?” Both conditions can involve repetitive actions, but the motivation behind those behaviors is different.
Here’s the simple way to think about it:
- OCD behaviors are driven by anxiety and fear. Your child is trying to prevent something bad from happening or reduce intense worry.
- Example: Checking the door lock repeatedly to stop a break-in or avoid danger.
- Example: Checking the door lock repeatedly to stop a break-in or avoid danger.
- Autism behaviors usually provide comfort, routine, or stem from special interests. These actions help your child feel calm or focused.
- Example: Lining up toys or spinning objects because it feels soothing or interesting.
Understanding the “why” behind your child’s behavior guides how you can support them best — whether it’s calming anxiety or creating a safe, structured environment.
| OCD | Autism | |
|---|---|---|
| Compulsions | driven by fear | driven by sensory needs or a desire for comfort and sameness |
| Repetitive Behavior | caused by irrational intrusive thoughts Example: touching a door knob 5x to prevent a sibling from being harmed |
driven by interests Example: reciting the same phrase can bring joy |
| Sensory Overload Issues | OCD children are sensitive to sensory stimuli and are mostly unable to filter the discomfort. In response, they exhibit compulsive behaviors to address the overload. | Most ASD children are naturally sensitive to sight, sound, smell, touch, or taste. Their response is an effort to either seek more or avoid specific sensory experiences |
| Sleep Disorder | Insomnia is caused by obsessive thoughts. | Insomnia is caused by a disrupted melatonin rhythm and impaired production of serotonin, GABA and other neurotransmitters that establish a regular sleep-wake cycle (Devnani & Hedge, 2015) |
| Uncertainty Intolerance | The inability to predict what will happen next stirs fear and translates to compulsive behaviors | Avoidance and refusal to join group events and social situations is common |
Can a Child Have Both OCD and Autism?
Yes — it absolutely happens that kids have both OCD and autism. Honestly, it’s pretty common. Many children on the autism spectrum also deal with OCD symptoms.
And, when they come together, it can make things feel confusing — like, what’s really going on here?
But the good news is, once you know both are part of the picture, you can get support that actually fits your child’s unique needs.
What Causes OCD and Autism to Co-Occur?
There’s no single answer. But here’s what we do understand:
- Family history: Both OCD and autism tend to run in families. So if there’s a history, that might raise the chances.
- Brain stuff: The way the brain is wired or works can be different in kids with these conditions. It’s complicated, but scientists see some patterns.
- Early life: Things like what happens to a child early on—stressful events or certain exposures—could play a role too.
It’s not a perfect science yet, but knowing these pieces helps us figure out how to support your child better. And that’s the part that really matters.
How Are OCD and Autism Diagnosed in Children?
Diagnosis involves comprehensive evaluations by professionals:
- Clinical interviews: Gathering detailed developmental and behavioral histories.
- Standardized assessments: Utilizing tools like the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and the Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS).
- Observations: Monitoring behaviors across different settings.
Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective intervention.
What Treatment Options Are Available for Children with OCD and Autism?
There’s no magic fix, and what works for one child may not work for another – and that’s okay. Every child is different, and so is their brain.
That’s why the best treatment plan is one that’s tailored to your child—who they are, what they’re struggling with, and how their brain functions.
Most families find success by combining a few approaches. Here are some of the most helpful options:
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT):
A solid choice for kids with OCD. CBT helps them work through intrusive thoughts and break the cycle of compulsions. It teaches tools that build confidence, not just control.
- ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis):
Often helpful for children on the autism spectrum, ABA focuses on building practical skills—like communicating, managing transitions, and staying regulated when things don’t go as planned.
- Medication (sometimes):
In some cases, medications like SSRIs may help reduce severe OCD symptoms. But in our world, it’s never the first option—we always explore natural and brain-based strategies first.
- Occupational Therapy (OT):
OT is a game-changer for sensory sensitivities and everyday routines. Whether your child struggles with brushing their teeth or melting down in loud spaces, OT builds coping and life skills.
If you’re feeling frustrated after trying multiple therapists, programs, or medications that didn’t quite work—you’re not alone. That’s exactly why I created the BrainBehaviorReset™ Program.
This isn’t your typical “talk therapy” approach. It’s a full system that blends science-backed, non-invasive tools like:
- Neurofeedback (to train and regulate brainwaves)
- PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy to calm the nervous system)
- Parent coaching (because you deserve support too)
And much more…
The goal? Let’s calm the brain first. Once the nervous system is regulated, behavior improves naturally—without force, shame, or quick fixes.
This is how we help kids (and families) finally move from chaos to calm. Real change is possible, and we’re here for it every step of the way.
How Can I Support My Child at Home and School?
At home:
- Establish routines: Predictability reduces anxiety for children.
- Use visual schedules: Helps in understanding daily activities.
- Positive reinforcement: Encourages desired behaviors.
At school:
- Individualized Education Plan (IEP): Tailored educational goals and accommodations.
- Collaboration: Regular communication with teachers and support staff.
- Sensory-friendly environments: Minimizing sensory overload to enhance learning.
Where Can I Find Resources and Support?
- Support groups: Connecting with other parents facing similar challenges.
- Professional organizations: Such as the International OCD Foundation and Autism Speaks.
- Educational materials: Books, webinars, and workshops tailored for parents.
Remember, seeking support is a sign of strength, and numerous resources are available to help you and your child navigate these challenges.
FAQs
Can OCD symptoms in children be mistaken for Autism?
Yes, due to overlapping behaviors like repetitive actions, it’s possible. A thorough evaluation by professionals can differentiate between the two.
Is medication always necessary for treating OCD in children with Autism?
Not always. Treatment plans are individualized and may include therapy, behavioral interventions, and, in some cases, medication.
How early can OCD and Autism be diagnosed?
A: Autism can often be diagnosed by age 2, while OCD symptoms typically emerge later in childhood. Early intervention is beneficial for both.
Citations:
Van Ameringen, M., Patterson, B., Simpson, W., & Van Ameringen, A. (2024). Prevalence and correlates of the concurrence of autism spectrum disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder in youth: A systematic review. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 34(2), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1089/cap.2023.0123PMC
Smith, J. A., & Brown, L. K. (2024). Autistic traits in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A comprehensive review. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 156, 45–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.005
Johnson, R. T., & Lee, H. M. (2024). Differentiating repetitive behaviors in autism and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical implications. Autism Research, 17(4), 289–298. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2650
Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge is a licensed mental health expert that is frequently cited in the media:
- Single Care Controlling the uncontrollable: Living with OCD during a pandemic
- Holistic Counseling Podcast: Effective Treatments for OCD
- Epidemic Answers: Neurofeedback for ADHD, anxiety, OCD and mood
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to give health advice and it is recommended to consult with a physician before beginning any new wellness regime. *The effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment vary by patient and condition. Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge, LLC does not guarantee certain results.
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