Non-Verbal Autism Signs: Early Indicators and What Parents Need to Know

Non-Verbal Autism Signs: Early Indicators and What Parents Need to Know

Non-Verbal Autism Signs Early Indicators and What Parents Need to Know Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge
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Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge

As a parent, it can be heartbreaking and overwhelming when your child struggles to communicate with you. We often rely on words to understand our children, but what happens when those words don’t come? For many parents, the signs of non-verbal autism are confusing and even scary. 

You may find yourself wondering, “Why isn’t my child talking? Why won’t they respond when I call their name?” These moments can leave you feeling lost, but understanding non-verbal autism signs can shed light on your child’s unique way of communicating and connecting with the world.

Recognizing the early signs of autism is about more than just getting a diagnosis—it’s about deepening your connection with your child and helping them thrive in their own way.

What is Non-Verbal Autism?

Non-verbal autism falls on the autism spectrum and refers to children who face significant challenges with spoken language. But just because your child isn’t speaking doesn’t mean they aren’t communicating. 

Many children find their own ways to express themselves, whether it’s through gestures, facial expressions, or even using a communication device. At the end of the day, your child is trying to connect with you in the ways they know how, and that’s where the journey of understanding begins.

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Early Signs of Non-Verbal Autism

When you’re worried about your child’s development, especially their ability to speak or communicate, every day can feel like a waiting game. You might catch yourself asking, “Is it just a phase? Will they grow out of it?” Recognizing the early signs of non-verbal autism can bring clarity and give you a roadmap for what to do next.

Some common early signs include:

  • Absence of babbling or limited vocalization by 12 months: If your baby is unusually quiet or not babbling by this age, it could be an early sign of communication challenges.
  • Lack of gestures like pointing or waving by 12 months: Babies typically start to use gestures to communicate what they want. If your child isn’t waving, pointing, or using other gestures, this might indicate delays in social communication.
  • Limited response to their name by 9 months: Does your child respond when you call their name? If they consistently don’t, it might suggest they’re struggling with auditory processing or social engagement.
  • No spoken words by 16 months: While some children are late talkers, an absence of words by this age is worth paying attention to. This can be one of the earliest non-verbal autism signs.
  • No meaningful two-word phrases by 24 months: By this age, children typically begin combining words. If your child isn’t yet forming simple phrases, it could be time to seek a professional evaluation.

As a parent, noticing these signs can bring up so many emotions—fear, frustration, and even guilt. You may wonder, “Did I do something wrong? Could I have missed something?” But the truth is, recognizing these signs is a powerful first step toward getting your child the help and support they need.

Signs of Non-Verbal Autism in a 1-Year-Old

For parents of a 12-month-old, you may be watching your baby’s every move, hoping to see new developmental milestones. But when things don’t unfold the way you expect, it’s natural to feel anxious. Here are some non-verbal autism signs to keep an eye out for in your 1-year-old:

  • Limited or no eye contact: Eye contact is a big part of how babies connect with their caregivers. If your child avoids eye contact, it could be a sign that they’re struggling with social interaction.
  • Not responding to their name: At this age, babies usually start responding when you call them. If your child isn’t, it’s worth discussing with your pediatrician.
  • Lack of interest in interactive games: Games like peek-a-boo aren’t just fun—they help babies develop social skills. If your child doesn’t seem interested in these kinds of games, it may be an early sign of autism.
  • Not imitating sounds or movements: Babies learn by copying what we do. If your child isn’t imitating gestures like waving or clapping, it might indicate a delay.

These moments can feel isolating, especially when you see other children hitting milestones that your child hasn’t reached yet. I personally know what that is like as a mom of two neurodivergent children and it isn’t easy. 

But it’s important to remember that every child’s journey is different. Recognizing these signs early allows you to get your child the support they need to thrive.

Signs of Non-Verbal Autism in Toddlers

As your child grows into toddlerhood, non-verbal autism signs may become more pronounced. Toddlers with autism often show differences in how they play, interact, and process their environment. Here are some signs to watch for:

  • Repetitive movements or behaviors: Does your child engage in hand-flapping, rocking, or spinning? These repetitive behaviors can be soothing for them, even if they seem unusual to others.
  • Strong attachment to routines or objects: Many toddlers with non-verbal autism thrive on predictability and may become upset if their routine changes or if they’re separated from a favorite object.
  • Difficulty understanding simple instructions: While most toddlers can follow basic directions like “come here” or “sit down,” children with non-verbal autism might struggle to understand these requests.
  • Limited desire to interact with peers: Toddlers are usually curious about other kids. If your child prefers to play alone or doesn’t engage with others, this may be a sign of social communication challenges.

For parents, it’s heartbreaking to see your child struggle with things that come so naturally to other kids. You may feel like you’re missing out on the typical joys of parenting, and the worry about your child’s future can be overwhelming. But getting the right support can make all the difference in your child’s life—and in yours.

How is Non-Verbal Autism Diagnosed?

If you’ve noticed these non-verbal autism signs and you’re ready to take the next step, the diagnosis process involves a team of specialists. A pediatrician, psychologist, and speech therapist will likely work together to evaluate your child’s communication and social skills. 

This thorough assessment helps identify not only if your child has non-verbal autism, but also what types of support and interventions will help them thrive.

Why Don’t Some Children with Autism Speak?

One of the most difficult things for parents to understand is why their child doesn’t speak. The truth is, there are a lot of factors at play. Children with non-verbal autism often experience neurological differences that make it harder for them to develop spoken language. 

Sensory processing issues can also be a big factor—children with autism may be hypersensitive to their environment, which can make it difficult to focus on speaking. In some cases, motor planning issues affect their ability to coordinate the muscles needed for speech.

While it can feel discouraging, remember that just because your child doesn’t speak doesn’t mean they can’t communicate. By learning more about how your child interacts with the world, you can find ways to connect and support them.

What Causes Non-Verbal Autism?

While the exact cause of non-verbal autism and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains unclear, research indicates that a blend of genetic and environmental factors contributes to its development and/or level of impact. Environmental influences can include: 

  • Prenatal and postnatal exposure to toxins or infections 
  • Complications during birth 
  • Lack of early social interaction and care 
  • Nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy or early childhood 
  • Exposure to high levels of stress in the home environment

While this can leave parents searching for answers, it’s important to focus on what you can control—early intervention, support, nervous system regulation and co-regulation and creating a loving, predictable environment for your child.

How is Non-Verbal Autism Different from ASD and AUDHD?

Non-verbal autism, ASD, and AUDHD all affect children in unique ways, especially in how they communicate and behave.

Non-verbal autism refers to children who struggle to speak or don’t speak at all. However, they still communicate through gestures, facial expressions, or communication devices. The main challenge for these children is talking.

ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) is a broader condition that includes difficulties with communication, social interactions, and repetitive behaviors. Some children with ASD are non-verbal, while others may speak but still face social challenges.

AUDHD is when a child has both autism and ADHD. These children often have trouble focusing and may be impulsive (ADHD traits) while also experiencing social and sensory challenges from autism.

In simple terms, non-verbal autism affects speech, ASD involves a range of communication and social difficulties, and AUDHD combines the challenges of both autism and ADHD. Understanding these differences helps parents find the right support for their child.

Key Professionals Who Support Children With Autism

How to Find Help for Non-Verbal Children with Autism

If you suspect your child has non-verbal autism, AuDHD, or autism spectrum disorder, don’t wait to seek help. Early intervention is key to helping your child develop alternative communication methods and thrive. Experts like speech therapists, occupational therapists, and behavioral specialists can work with you to create a plan tailored to your child’s needs.

At our practice, we offer compassionate, research-backed approaches to help children with autism flourish. You can learn how we helped kids like Gabe, achieve beyond what others expected of him. Visit our website to learn more about how we can support your family on this journey. Remember, you don’t have to do this alone—help is out there, and early intervention can make a world of difference.

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Citations:

Christensen, D. L., Maenner, M. J., Bilder, D., Constantino, J. N., Daniels, J., Durkin, M. S., Fitzgerald, R. T., Kurzius-Spencer, M., Pettygrove, S. D., Robinson, C., Shenouda, J., White, T., Zahorodny, W., Pazol, K., & Dietz, P. (2019). Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 4 Years – Early Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, Seven Sites, United States, 2010, 2012, and 2014. Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002), 68(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss6802a1

Webb, S. J., & Jones, E. J. (2009). Early Identification of Autism: Early Characteristics, Onset of Symptoms, and Diagnostic Stability. Infants and young children, 22(2), 100–118. https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0b013e3181a02f7f

Dr. Roseann is a mental health expert who frequently is in the media:

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Dr. Roseann is a Children’s Mental Health Expert and Licensed Therapist who has been featured in/on hundreds of media outlets including The Mel Robbins Show, CBS, NBC, PIX11 NYC, Today, FORBES, CNN, The New York Times, The Washington Post, Business Insider, Women’s Day, Healthline, CNET, Parade Magazine and PARENTS. FORBES called her, “A thought leader in children’s mental health.

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She coined the terms, “Re-entry panic syndrome” and “eco-anxiety” and is a frequent contributor to media on mental health. 

Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge has three decades of experience in working with children, teens and their families with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, concussion, dyslexia and learning disability, anxiety, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), depression and mood disorder, Lyme Disease, and PANS/PANDAS using science-backed natural mental health solutions such as supplements, magnesium, nutrition, QEEG Brain maps, neurofeedback, PEMF, psychotherapy and other non-medication approaches. 

She is the author of three bestselling books, It’s Gonna Be OK!: Proven Ways to Improve Your Child's Mental Health, The Teletherapy Toolkit, and Brain Under Attack. Dr. Roseann is known for offering a message of hope through science-endorsed methods that promote a calm brain. 

Her trademarked BrainBehaviorResetⓇ Program and It’s Gonna be OK!Ⓡ Podcast has been a cornerstone for thousands of parents facing mental health, behavioral or neurodevelopmental challenges.

She is the founder and director of The Global Institute of Children’s Mental Health, Neurotastic™Brain Formulas and Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge, LLC. Dr. Roseann is a Board Certified Neurofeedback (BCN) Practitioner, a Board Member of the Northeast Region Biofeedback Society (NRBS), Certified Integrative Mental Health Professional (CIMHP) and an Amen Clinic Certified Brain Health Coach.  She is also a member of The International Lyme Disease and Associated Disease Society (ILADS), The American Psychological Association (APA), Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA) National Association of School Psychologists (NASP), International OCD Foundation (IOCDF).

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