Whether you’re aiming to improve brain functions, boost your focus or elevate your brainpower, neurofeedback is the cutting-edge solution you need. This innovative treatment is designed to unlock your brain’s full potential and help you achieve peak performance.Unlike traditional methods, neurofeedback offers a science-backed, non-invasive way to train your brain for peak performance.
As a certified provider by the Biofeedback Certification International Alliance, I have successfully combined neurofeedback and behavioral therapy to help kids and teens with brain dysregulation. In my clinic in Ridgefield, CT, the results have been transformative, with countless parents witnessing remarkable changes in their children's lives. I have worked with thousands of dysregulated kids, addressing ADHD symptoms, psychiatric disorders, learning disorders, seizure disorder, chronic pain, neurological disorders, and even brain injuries. The success stories speak for themselves, showcasing the profound impact of our holistic approach.
Neurofeedback is a game-changer for children struggling with mental health conditions like ADHD, autism, anxiety, or OCD. Many of these challenges stem from a dysregulated brain—when the brain’s electrical activity is out of balance, it can make it difficult for kids to focus, manage emotions, or stay calm. This is where neurofeedback comes in. By using real-time feedback from the brain’s electrical activity, neurofeedback helps retrain the brain, guiding it toward a more regulated and balanced state.
Dysregulation and Neurofeedback Treatment
By calming the dysregulated brain, neurofeedback provides a lasting, non-invasive solution that goes beyond managing symptoms—it helps your child’s brain learn how to function in a more balanced, optimal way, setting the stage for long-term mental wellness.
We are primarily energetic beings. Human neuroscience explores the complexities of brain and behavior by studying how various neural processes influence cognitive, emotional, and psychological experiences in humans. The brain is a complex organ that is made up of billions of brain cells called neurons. In order for our brains to work, these neurons communicate with each other using electricity to maintain normal mental functions. The combination of millions of neurons sending signals at once produces an enormous amount of electrical activity in the brain.
People often assume that energy medicine therapies are hard to quantify, but some can be measured and proven scientifically. PEMF, biofeedback and neurofeedback are quantifiable scientific therapies backed by brainwave training research. Sensitive medical equipment, such as an EEG, can measure a patient's brain waves and electricity levels over areas of the scalp.
However, these are still viewed as unconventional because instead of depending on chemistry, brainwave training is a therapy that focuses on energy or physics to heal. EEG biofeedback has garnered significant attention in basic and clinical neuroscience for its potential to improve cognitive functions and manage various neurological and psychological conditions.
There are more than 3,000 peer-reviewed brainwave training research studies spanning four decades that demonstrate its effectiveness (Lubar & Shouse, 1976). Current research supports that neurofeedback training improves a variety of specific issues and symptoms, from seizures to ADHD and anxiety.
Recent meta-analyses document the effectiveness of neurofeedback treatment in the treatment of ADHD (Arns, de Ridder, Strehl, Breteler and Coenen, 2009) in reducing inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. Research from Gani et al. (2008) demonstrates the long-term effectiveness of neurofeedback, as further research shows that improvements in behavior and attention were stable six months and two years after completion of therapy.
Neurofeedback produces lasting changes that puts people on a path to wellness, and improves brain functioning and mental health. It works synergistically with other therapies as it focuses on regulating the CNS, which can reduce symptoms simultaneously.
Understanding the Brain
The human brain is a marvel of biological engineering, orchestrating everything from our most basic survival functions to our most complex thoughts and emotions. Composed of billions of nerve cells, or neurons, the brain communicates through a sophisticated network of electrical and chemical signals. This intricate system allows us to move, sense, perceive, and think, making the brain the command center of the body.
Brain Structure and Function
Understanding brain anatomy is important and at the heart of the human brain’s complexity are its various structures, each playing a unique role in our daily lives. The cerebral cortex, for instance, is the brain’s outermost layer and is crucial for processing sensory information and higher-level cognitive functions. The basal ganglia, a group of nuclei deep within the brain, are essential for coordinating movement and reward processing. Meanwhile, the limbic system, which includes structures like the hippocampus and amygdala, is key to our emotional responses and memory formation. Together, these components create a seamless network that governs our behavior and experiences.
Main Parts of the Brain
The brain can be divided into three main parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. The cerebrum, the largest part, is responsible for processing sensory information, controlling voluntary movements, and managing higher-level cognitive functions such as thought, emotion, and memory. The cerebellum, located at the base of the brain, coordinates muscle movements, balance, and posture, ensuring smooth and precise actions. The brainstem, which connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord, regulates basic life-sustaining functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure, acting as the body’s autopilot.
The Cerebral Cortex
The cerebral cortex is the brain’s outermost layer and is vital for processing sensory information, controlling movement, and managing higher-level cognitive functions. It is divided into four main regions, each with distinct responsibilities. The frontal lobes are involved in decision-making, problem-solving, and controlling behavior and emotions. The parietal lobes process sensory information related to touch, temperature, and pain. The temporal lobes are essential for processing auditory information and are also involved in memory and emotion. Lastly, the occipital lobes are primarily responsible for visual processing. Together, these regions enable us to interact with and interpret the world around us.
Neurotransmitters and Brain Activity
Neurotransmitters are the brain’s chemical messengers, transmitting signals between neurons to regulate various physiological and psychological processes. Dopamine, for example, plays a crucial role in reward and motivation, while serotonin is key to mood regulation and sleep. Acetylcholine is involved in learning and memory. Neurofeedback leverages this intricate system by using electroencephalography (EEG) to monitor brain processes. By providing real-time feedback, individuals can learn to self-regulate their neural functions, improving cognitive and emotional well-being. This form of therapy has shown promise in treating conditions like ADHD, anxiety, and depression, by helping to balance neurotransmitter activity and enhance overall brain performance.
The Role of Cranial Nerves
Cranial nerves play a crucial role in transmitting nerve signals between the brain and various parts of the body. There are 12 cranial nerves, each responsible for specific functions, such as controlling muscle movement, sensory input, and regulating vital functions like blood pressure. These nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system, which connects the brain to the rest of the body.
Neurofeedback helps improve brain activities by training the brain to optimize its electrical signals. This process not only impacts the cranial nerves but also enhances communication between neurons, improving the overall function of the pituitary gland, which regulates hormones, and the temporal lobe, responsible for processing sensory input and language.
When neurons, particularly the cell body of these nerve cells, are functioning more efficiently, it helps regulate the central and peripheral nervous systems, promoting better control over involuntary functions like heart rate and blood pressure. This improved connectivity is key in managing both mental and physical health conditions.
Neurofeedback and Brain Health
Neurofeedback supports a healthy brain by optimizing its activity and improving the balance between different regions, including the corpus callosum, which connects the brain's left and right hemispheres. A well-functioning corpus callosum allows for smooth communication across the entire brain, enhancing cognitive and emotional processes.
In cases of brain injury or recovery from brain tumors, neurofeedback can aid in restoring proper brain activities. By regulating brainwave patterns, it helps the brain heal and regain control over essential functions, such as maintaining body temp and producing cerebrospinal fluid, which protects the brain and spinal cord.
Neurofeedback plays an essential role in keeping the brain healthy for long term, ensuring that key regions and connections remain efficient and resilient against challenges.
Benefits of Neurofeedback
Neurofeedback training has a wide range of applications and benefits, particularly in treating and managing various mental health and neurological conditions. For individuals with ADHD, neurofeedback training can significantly improve attention, reduce hyperactivity, and enhance executive functions by teaching them to regulate their beta waves. This form of therapy has also shown promise in alleviating symptoms of anxiety and depression. Neurofeedback training helps patients achieve a more balanced emotional state by modulating brain activities associated with stress and mood.
By increasing delta and decreasing high beta activity, neurofeedback training improves sleep quality and reduces insomnia. For individuals with epilepsy, neurofeedback training has demonstrated potential in reducing the frequency and severity of seizures, offering a noninvasive therapeutic option.
Neurofeedback is beneficial for those suffering from PTSD and trauma. Stabilizing the brain can reduce symptoms and promote better emotional regulation. Beyond its therapeutic uses, neurofeedback training is popular among athletes, executives, and other high performers. These individuals use it to enhance mental clarity, focus, and overall cognitive performance, thus optimizing their capabilities in high-demand environments.
Neurofeedback can be beneficial and can be used to treat eating disorders, seizure disorders, drug addiction, anxiety disorders, pain management, and other mental health issues.
Electrical activity emanating from the brain is displayed in the form of brainwaves. We have different brainwaves that vary based on their frequency, ranging from the low activity to high activity (delta, theta, alpha and beta). Everyone has the same brainwaves, but people do not have the same pattern and levels of brainwaves. Certain brain wave activities and patterns are associated with specific conditions.
Optimizing the Central Nervous System
Most people are born with a relatively healthy nervous system and regulated brainwave function. Genetic and environmental factors—such as diet, stress and external environment influences—can impact brain wave functioning and the CNS, leading to various mental health disorders. The central nervous system includes both the brain and spinal cord. This lack of self-regulation can lead to a variety of symptoms, including sleep problems, of focus, anxiety, mood issues and physical symptoms. Dysregulation reflects either an under-responsive, over-responsive or unstable nervous system.
Engineered brainwave training—such as neurofeedback—uses the simple concept of reinforcement to improve the regulation of the brain and CNS. This brainwave-training therapy gives visual and auditory reinforcements to help the brain change its own behavior as a form of associative learning. In neurofeedback therapy, the associative learning is learning to perceive the feeling of the signal. By creating new electrical activity through a process of measurement and reinforcement, the brain learns to self-regulate, which calms the nervous system. Nerve signals are transmitted within the CNS through neurons, facilitating sensations, movements, and cognitive processes. This reduces or eliminates symptoms.
The Role of Neurofeedback in Fine Motor Skills
Neurofeedback can significantly impact the brain's function by improving various cognitive and motor abilities. One of the key benefits is its effect on fine motor skills, which involve precise movements controlled by specific brain regions.
Neurofeedback helps optimize the activity of the prefrontal cortex, crucial for planning and executing complex movements, and the occipital lobe, which processes visual information necessary for coordination. By enhancing the efficiency of nerve fibers and ensuring proper tissue called glial cells support, neurofeedback helps maintain the health and connectivity of brain regions involved in motor control.
Furthermore, neurofeedback supports the parietal lobe, which integrates sensory information to guide movement, and promotes the proper functioning of the vertebral arteries that supply blood to the brain, ensuring that essential nutrients and oxygen reach areas responsible for motor function.
Overall, neurofeedback fosters better coordination and motor skills by optimizing the brain's various systems, making it an effective tool for improving both cognitive and physical performance.
The BrainBehaviorReset Program
The BrainBehaviorReset™ Program is my signature approach to addressing a variety of mental health and behavioral challenges. This program is designed to help individuals reset and optimize their brain function, tackling the root causes of issues such as anxiety, ADHD, and executive dysfunction.
By integrating advanced neurofeedback techniques with other therapeutic methods, the BBR Program offers a personalized treatment plan tailored to each individual’s needs. Neurofeedback plays a central role in rebalancing brain activity, which enhances emotional regulation, focus, and overall cognitive performance.
My goal with the BrainBehaviorReset™ Program is to move beyond merely managing symptoms and to address the underlying factors affecting mental well-being and behavior. This comprehensive, science-backed approach promotes lasting improvements in brain function and helps individuals achieve a more balanced and fulfilling life. To learn more, click here.
How many sessions do I need?
The number of neurofeedback sessions needed varies depending on the individual and the specific condition being treated. Typically, a course of EEG neurofeedback therapy can range from 20 to 40 sessions, with noticeable improvements often occurring within the first 10 to 15 sessions. Some individuals may require fewer sessions, while others might need more for sustained benefits. Regular sessions, usually held once or twice a week, are recommended for optimal results.
Can neurofeedback help with short term memory?
Yes, neurofeedback can help improve short-term memory. By training the brain to regulate its electrical activity more efficiently, neurofeedback enhances communication between neurons, particularly in areas of the brain responsible for memory, like the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. This improved brain acitivities lead to better processing and retention of information, which can significantly enhance short-term memory performance. Over time, consistent neurofeedback sessions can strengthen these pathways, resulting in noticeable improvements in memory recall and cognitive flexibility. It helps the brain respond more effectively to stress and pressure, crucial for athletes performing under competitive conditions. By balancing activity in both the left hemisphere (which handles logical tasks) and other areas, neurofeedback ensures a more cohesive and agile brain activities, leading to improved overall athletic performance.
What is low-resolution electromagnetic tomography?
Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) is a neuroimaging technique used to create three-dimensional maps of brain activities. It estimates the electrical activity of the brain from EEG data by solving the inverse problem of determining the sources of the scalp-recorded electrical potentials. Unlike traditional EEG, which provides two-dimensional representations, LORETA offers a more detailed view by localizing brain activities to specific regions, albeit with lower spatial resolution compared to other imaging techniques like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). It is particularly useful in research and clinical settings for understanding neural function and diagnosing neurological and psychiatric conditions.
Current research in LORETA focuses on enhancing its spatial resolution and accuracy for more precise brain mapping, exploring its applications in diagnosing and treating neurological and psychiatric disorders, and integrating it with other neuroimaging modalities for comprehensive brain analysis. Further research is being conducted to explore additional applications of this therapy.
What is surface neurofeedback?
It is a form of neurofeedback that focuses on training brain activities measured from the scalp’s surface. Using EEG sensors placed on the scalp provides real-time feedback on the patient’s brainwaves to help them learn to regulate their brain functioning. This technique aims to optimize brainwave patterns associated with improved cognitive performance and emotional regulation, making it effective for addressing various neurological and psychological conditions. Monitoring and guiding the patient’s brainwaves helps achieve better mental health and cognitive outcomes.
Is a patient consciously aware during a Neurofeedback session?
Yes, a patient is consciously aware during an EEG neurofeedback session. The therapy involves real-time feedback on brain waves while the patient engages in a task or relaxation exercise, typically through interactive games or visualizations, and remains fully conscious throughout the process.
Who can perform neurofeedback?
Neurofeedback can be performed by a variety of qualified professionals, including clinical psychologists who often have specialized training in neurofeedback and experience in treating psychological and neurological conditions. Neuropsychologists, with their expertise in brain functioning and behavior, may also use neurofeedback as part of their therapeutic approach. Clinical psychiatrists, who are medical doctors, may integrate neurofeedback into a broader treatment plan for mental health disorders.
Licensed therapists with certification or training in neurofeedback can offer neurofeedback services. Neurofeedback technicians, trained specifically in operating neurofeedback equipment, may assist with sessions under the supervision of licensed healthcare providers. It's crucial that practitioners are properly trained and certified in neurofeedback to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the treatment. You can check the Biofeedback Certification International Alliance (BCIA) for a list of providers.
How can neurofeedback help with ADHD treatment?
Neurofeedback can be a valuable tool in ADHD treatment by addressing specific brainwave patterns associated with the disorder. It helps diagnose ADHD by identifying irregularities in brain functioning, particularly in the right frontal lobe, which is often affected in individuals with ADHD. During neurofeedback sessions, individuals learn to regulate certain brainwaves, such as increasing beta waves or decreasing theta waves, to improve attention, focus, and executive functions. By targeting these brainwave patterns, neurofeedback supports more effective ADHD treatment and can lead to significant improvements in managing symptoms.
What is slow cortical potential neurofeedback (SCPs)?
(SCPs) are very slow brain wave fluctuations that occur at frequencies below 1 Hz. Slow cortical potentials are part of the brain's electrical activity and reflect long-term changes in brain state, such as shifts in alertness or attention. SCPs are important for understanding the brain's overall state and its ability to regulate itself.
In clinical settings, SCPs are used in neurofeedback to help individuals learn to modulate these slow brain wave patterns, which can be beneficial for conditions like epilepsy, ADHD, and certain cognitive disorders. By training the brain to produce more favorable SCPs, neurofeedback aims to improve cognitive functions, emotional regulation, and overall mental health.
How can neurofeedback help nerve cells?
Neurofeedback helps nerve cells by training them to communicate more efficiently. It provides real-time feedback on brain activity, encouraging the brain to adjust its patterns. This improves the way nerve cells fire, leading to better focus, emotional regulation, and overall cognitive function.
How can neurofeedback help the brain and spinal cord connectivity?
Neurofeedback can enhance brain and spinal cord connectivity by improving the communication between neurons in these areas. The brain and spinal cord are part of the central nervous system, which relies on clear, efficient signals to regulate body functions and movement. Through neurofeedback, the brain is trained to optimize its electrical activity, promoting better signaling pathways. This enhanced communication can lead to improved motor skills, sensory processing, and overall nervous system function, helping regulate both cognitive and physical responses more effectively.
Why is neurofeedback recommended for athletes?
Neurofeedback is highly recommended for athletes because it enhances various aspects of brain work that are crucial for peak performance. For athletes, neurofeedback can improve focus, reaction times, and overall cognitive function, which directly impacts their performance in training and competition.
One of the benefits is its effect on pain perception. By optimizing brain activity, neurofeedback can help athletes manage and reduce the perception of pain, allowing for more effective training and quicker recovery. It also supports the blood supply to the brain, ensuring that essential nutrients and oxygen are delivered efficiently, which is vital for maintaining high cognitive and physical performance. It can also be helpful during traumatic brain injury, which is common with athletes.
How does neurofeedback affect brain patterns?
Neurofeedback trains the brain to regulate its brain pattern more efficiently. By providing real-time feedback on brain activity, it helps optimize electrical patterns, which can lead to improvements in cognitive functions and emotional regulation.
Can neurofeedback help with muscle cell function?
While neurofeedback primarily focuses on brain activity, it can indirectly benefit muscle cell function by improving overall brain coordination and communication. Enhanced brain function can lead to better motor control and muscle performance.
Can neurofeedback be used to manage epileptic seizures?
Neurofeedback is not a primary treatment for epileptic seizures but can be used as a complementary approach. It helps by training the brain to maintain more stable electrical activity, which may reduce the frequency or severity of seizures in some individuals.
What role does gray matter play in neurofeedback?
Gray matter is crucial for processing information and executing various brain functions. Neurofeedback can enhance the efficiency of brain regions rich in gray matter, improving cognitive abilities and emotional regulation by optimizing the brain's structural and functional connectivity.
How does neurofeedback influence the regulation of body temperature?
Neurofeedback primarily focuses on improving brain performance and regulation. While it does not directly control body temperature, enhancing brainwork and stress response through neurofeedback can support overall bodily regulation processes. This indirect support regulates body temperature by improving the brain’s ability to manage various physiological functions.
Citations:
Arns, M., de Ridder, S., Strehl, U., Breteler, M., & Coenen, A. (2009). Efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in ADHD: The effects on inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity: A meta-analysis. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience, 40(3), 180-189. https://doi.org/10.1177/155005940904000311
M., Lubar, Monastra, V. J., Lynn, S., Linden, J. F., Gruzelier, J., & La Vaque, T. J. (2006). Electroencephalographic Biofeedback in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Journal of Neurotherapy, 9(4), 5–34. https://doi.org/10.1300/j184v09n04_02
Gani, M., & Birbaumer, N. (2014). Not all minds that wander are lost: The importance of a balanced mind-wandering state in learning and development. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 00530. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00530
Dr. Roseann is a mental health expert in ADHD who is frequently in the media:
- Epidemic Answers: Neurofeedback for ADHD, anxiety, OCD and mood
- The Holistic Counseling Podcast Therapist's Integrative Tools: Neurofeedback and Biofeedback
- Parenting Impact Podcast: Neurofeedback and ADHD
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Dr. Roseann is a Children’s Mental Health Expert and Licensed Therapist who has been featured in/on hundreds of media outlets including The Mel Robbins Show, CBS, NBC, PIX11 NYC, Today, FORBES, CNN, The New York Times, The Washington Post, Business Insider, Women’s Day, Healthline, CNET, Parade Magazine and PARENTS. FORBES called her, “A thought leader in children’s mental health.”
She coined the terms, “Re-entry panic syndrome” and “eco-anxiety” and is a frequent contributor to media on mental health.
Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge has three decades of experience in working with children, teens and their families with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, concussion, dyslexia and learning disability, anxiety, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), depression and mood disorder, Lyme Disease, and PANS/PANDAS using science-backed natural mental health solutions such as supplements, magnesium, nutrition, QEEG Brain maps, neurofeedback, PEMF, psychotherapy and other non-medication approaches.
She is the author of three bestselling books, It’s Gonna Be OK!: Proven Ways to Improve Your Child's Mental Health, The Teletherapy Toolkit, and Brain Under Attack. Dr. Roseann is known for offering a message of hope through science-endorsed methods that promote a calm brain.
Her trademarked BrainBehaviorResetⓇ Program and It’s Gonna be OK!Ⓡ Podcast has been a cornerstone for thousands of parents facing mental health, behavioral or neurodevelopmental challenges.
She is the founder and director of The Global Institute of Children’s Mental Health, Neurotastic™Brain Formulas and Dr. Roseann Capanna-Hodge, LLC. Dr. Roseann is a Board Certified Neurofeedback (BCN) Practitioner, a Board Member of the Northeast Region Biofeedback Society (NRBS), Certified Integrative Mental Health Professional (CIMHP) and an Amen Clinic Certified Brain Health Coach. She is also a member of The International Lyme Disease and Associated Disease Society (ILADS), The American Psychological Association (APA), Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA) National Association of School Psychologists (NASP), International OCD Foundation (IOCDF).
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